Doronn Fox, Dene Games competitor, explains the history of hand games

Tryouts for the Yukon's DeneGames team at the 2018 Arctic Winter Games (AWG) were held over the weekend in Whitehorse.

About a dozen contestants came out to try their hand atseveral traditional events,including: finger pull, snowsnake, stick pull and hand games.

Doronn Fox, 28, is a former coach and gold medalist in the Dene Games at AWG. He came outas a contestant this year, and will be heading to the South Slave AWGsinHay River and Fort Smith, N.W.T., March 18 to 24.

He spoke to the CBC's Max Leighton about hand games a crowd favourite in whichcontestants usehandgestures and elaborate signals, tofind and conceal objects. It's beenplayed for generations as a friendly form of gambling and competition across Denetraditional territories and beyond.

It's also theeventthat got Foxhooked on theDenegames more than twenty years ago.

This interview has been edited for length and clarity.

What's the significance of hand games for Yukon First Nations athletes?

Hand games havealways been a love of a lot of Indigenous people here in the Yukon. All 14 nations are involved in hand games. We do it in the schools, we do it for tournaments, we do it for fun, we do it at events, all over.

It'sone of the most sought-after sport at [AWG]s, there's a lot of spectators that show up. And in Greenland, we actually dominated three of the four gold medals.

What's the storybehind them?

Well, as I have been told by my family, friends and elders, hand games was created a long time ago to settle land disputes. Land was fought for a long time ago, because of hunting rights, so instead of two territories fighting for that bit of land where animals were, they would develop this game so that hunters wouldn'tget hurt.

Hand games were created as a necessity of the time. At the time, that was hunting to provide for your community. It moved into trading for bullets, knives, furs, stuff of necessity at the time. And obviously, what's the necessity now? Money. So when we go to tournaments, there's an entry fee that we pay to get in.

And our elders are now talking about the future and how hand games is going to be played for water, not money.

How does it introduceyoung athletes totraditional teachings?

We still make the drums traditionally. We hunt caribou in September so their skin is thin, the hoops are made from birch from this area. There's different ways to make it, but there's always a reason that you make it the way that you do. And when it's ripped or something happens to it, we do a ceremony. All those things are bringing back the teachings.

Hand games is such a powerful one to explain. Basically, it's exciting, and kids want to be part of it, and you can win money, but as soon as they get hooked into hand games, you can start showing them the traditional aspects of it, like, 'you want a drum? This is how you get a drum. You have to go hunting.'

So you're bringing them back to the land, you're bringing them back to culture, there's teachings, there's ceremony. Hand games has been an opening for a lot of young people who haven't really gotten involved in traditional aspects of their culture.

Overall, how has interest in theDene Games grown in your own lifetime?

The significance of the games has grown. When I first got part of the games, I just heard hand games and obviously I wanted to play that so I went running to the trials and I found out I had to do snowsnake, finger pull, pull push, stick pull, all these other events that I had no idea about.When I finally competed in it, I luckily made top four.I learned the history of the sports, I learned where they came from, as hunting and trapping techniques.

Now I teach in the schools. I teach Dene Games, I help with it, I teach the meanings. This game has hooked me for a long time. A lot of the young people that get involved in Dene games come from rough backgrounds like myself.A lot of them are in foster care, a lot of them are in hard times and just want to be involved in something, and this is a healthy sport and brings you back to the culture, back outside.

The comradery you build not only as team Yukon but the ones you build when you travel to Arctic Winter Games last a lifetime. I have friends from Nunavut that I met when I was nine years old.

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