Russia has committed 'wide range' of war crimes in Ukraine, UN inquiry finds

Russian attacks against civilians in Ukraine, including systematic and widespread tortureand killing in occupied regions, amount to war crimes and possibly crimes against humanity, according to a report released Thursday from a UN-backed inquiry.

The sweeping human rights report,released a year to the day after a Russian airstrike on a theatrein Mariupol killed hundreds sheltering inside,marked a highly unusual condemnation of a member of the UNSecurity Council.

Among potential crimes against humanity, the report cited repeated attacks targeting Ukrainian infrastructure since the fall that left hundreds of thousands without heat and electricity during the coldest months, as well as the "systematic and widespread" use of torture across multiple regions under Russian occupation.

"[The Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine] has concluded that Russian authorities have committed numerous violations of international humanitarian law and violations of international human rights law, in addition to a wide range of war crimes, including the war crime of excessive incidental death, injury, or damage, wilful killings, torture, inhuman treatment, unlawful confinement, rape, as well as unlawful transfers and deportations," the report said.

"The commission has concluded that Russian armed forces have carried out attacks with explosive weapons in populated areas with an apparent disregard for civilian harm and suffering," another section of the report said.

No clear findings ofgenocide

Asked whether Russia's acts might amount to genocide, asUkraine believes, commission head Erik Mose said investigators had not yet found such evidencebut would continue to follow up.

He said they noted "some aspects which may raise questions" about possible genocide.

The commission's report said it found "reasonable grounds" to conclude that the Russian military attacks against Ukraine's territory and armed forces "qualify as acts ofaggression."

A commission of inquiry is the most powerful tool used by the UN-backed Human Rights Council to scrutinize abuses and violations around the world.

The investigation released Thursday was set up during an urgent debate shortly after Russia's invasion last year. The commission's three members are independent human rights experts, and its staff gets support and funding from the council and the UNhuman rights office.

'Small number' of violations on Ukrainian side

The report's authors noted a "small number" of apparent violations by Ukrainian forces, including one they said was under criminal investigation by Ukrainian authorities, but reserved the vast majority of their report for allegations against Russia.

Russia did not respond to the inquiry's appeals for information.

LISTEN | A look at The Fifth Estate's investigation into alleged Russian war crimes in Ukraine:

The Current10:29A Fifth Estate investigation into alleged Russian war crimes in Ukraine

Alex Shprintsen tells us about an investigation from CBCs The Fifth Estate, which looked into alleged war crimes in Andriivka, a suburb of Ukraine and connected them to the confession of a Russian soldier.

Most of the abuses highlighted by the investigation were already well known, but the findings come with the supportof the international community: The experts work under a mandate overwhelmingly created last year by the Human Rights Council, which brings together the governments of 47 UNmember countries.

Ultimately, the report may add to efforts to boost accountability for crimes committed in the war whether by the International Criminal Court or by some individual countries that have taken on the right to apply "universal jurisdiction" to prosecute atrocities, wherever they may take place.