UN urges countries to transfer millions in pledges to avert catastrophic oil spill from Red Sea tanker

Months after several countries pledged millions of dollars to the UN tosalvage a decaying oil tanker in the Red Sea, the international agency is still waiting for most of the money to arrive, as time runs out to avert an environmental and humanitarian catastrophe.

TheUnited Nations in Maylaunched an effort to raise $75 million US to pay for the removal ofmore than a million barrels of crude oil fromthe FSO Safer off Yemen's western coast, warningthe ship was at risk of disintegrating or exploding.

Such a disaster would have far-reaching effects for the countries and marine life along the Red Sea, and to global supply chains that rely on the ability to crossthose waters, as well as the distribution of humanitarian aid to war-torn Yemen. The UN estimates a clean-up effort would cost at least $20 billion US.

On Wednesday, the UN said 17 countries, as well as companies and individuals, had pledged $78 million more than enough to complete thefirst phase of thesalvage plan. But most of the pledges had yet to be transferred to the UN, and the work could not begin until the money was received.

Canada announced a $2.5 million commitment to the operation on Sept. 6. Itissued the payment to the United Nations Development Programmethe following day,Global Affairs Canada told CBC News on Wednesday.

Tight timeline to complete salvage operation

Speaking at the United Nations headquartersin New York, David Gressly, the UN'shumanitarian co-ordinator for Yemen, said he was confident countries would send the money by the end of September, in order for the delayed salvage operation to begin.

"While most of the money has not yet come in, most of the agreements [with donors] have now been signed, which are the prerequisite for the actual funds to be transferred," he told reporters. "We have very hard commitments from those who've yet to sign contracts [that they will]do so."

The UN did not name the countries that had yet to transfer fundsor say how much money was outstanding, and ended itspress conference after only a few questions from reporters.

The UN now has a very tight window to complete the four-month operation, which it had hoped to begin in the first half of 2022, warning in May that strong winds and currents in the Red Sea from September onward would increase the risk of the decrepit tanker disintegrating.

Gresslyon Wednesday said he expected teams to be on the ground within a few weeks to begin preparations for the salvage work, which will take place amid a truce between warring parties in Yemen.

The salvage plan follows more than three years of urging from local environmentalists in Yemen, who warned of the risk of an ecological catastrophe from the rusting ship.

'Ticking time bomb'

Since 1988, thevessel, owned by Yemen's state oil company, has been used to store, transfer and export crude from the country's oil fields.

But after war broke out in 2015 between Yemen's internationally recognized government and Houthi rebels, the waters where the Safer is mooredbecame contested, and the shipfell into disrepair.Greenpeace has described itas a "ticking time bomb."

The first three months of the salvage mission would be spent preparing the ship for offloading the oil safely, including ensuring its oil tanks could be opened without risking an explosion, as its systems for pumping inert gases into the oil chambers no longer functioned.

Hydraulic pumps would be used to transferthe oil to a temporary vessel moored alongside the Safer. The empty tanks would then be cleaned to remove any remaining oil residue and debris before the Safer is towed away and sold for scrap.

WATCH | UN outlines salvage plan for FSO Safer:

UN prepares to empty decaying oil tanker

2 years ago

Duration 1:30

David Gressly, the UN's humanitarian co-ordinator for Yemen, explains details of the four-month mission to remove oil from a decaying tanker off Yemen's coast before it causes an environmental disaster.

"We want to take a very careful approach to making sure that not only is oil not contaminating the bay during the transfer, but that the ship itself is fully clean before we consider it a successful operation," Gressly said Wednesday.

He was confident the UN would be able to raise a further $38 million US it needed for a second phase of the operation, which involves finding a permanent storage solution for the oil.

Canada slow to contribute

In May, Global Affairs Canada told CBC News the government did not plan to give money. It did not respond to multiple requests for further information.

On Wednesday, the department said the due diligence process for international aid initiatives took longer when it involved a conflict zone.

The UN launched a public crowd-funding campaignin June in an attempt to make up the shortfall from countries' contributions.

The Dutch government on Tuesday announced an extra 7.5 million ($10 million Cdn) for the operation, taking its total contribution to15 million.The United States pledged$10 million USin June, following pledges from Qatar and a number of European countries. Members of the public had contributed $200,000 US, the UN said in a statement Wednesday.

The operation was set to cost less than the UNoriginally expected. In May, it projected it would need to raise$144 million US, but on Wednesday, it said it had found a cheaper long-term storage option, and now expected the total cost to be $113 million US.